Author(s): Bahattin BAYRAM*
One of the main subjects of sufism is human. It aims to show this human, who is its main subject, how he truly becomes a servant to his Lord. All Sufi schools that have emerged throughout history have given importance to human education in order to achieve this purpose. However, there are various internal and external factors that will affect this education. It is not possible to fully educate a person without knowing these factors that affect people. For this reason, Sufis worked in this field and developed various theories and methods.Fi?ra (nature) and isti?d?d (ability), which is innate, are also the most important factors affecting human education. Fi?ra is the instinct of humans to the inclination to tawhid. Isti?d?d is the abilities placed in the human soul. In this article, the conceptions of ?Abd alRazz?q al-??sh?n? (d. 730/1329), one of the most important representatives of wa?dat al-wuj?d school, about the effect of fi?ra and isti?d?d on the education of sufism were discussed in the context of the 3rd volume of his tafsir ?a???i?u’t-te?vîl fî de???i?i’t-tenzîl. While doing this, the opinions of al-??sh?n? on this issue and the opinions of Ibn ?Arab? (d. 638/1240) who laid the foundations of this school were examined comparatively. In this way, it was tried to reach the opinions of wa?dat al-wuj?d school on these concepts based on the opinions of these two sufis.
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