Author(s): Emre KOLAY*
The transformation process seen in the Ottoman bureaucracy after the proclamation of the Tanzimat was also experienced in the criminal law system. The new penal codes, shaped by the initiatives and recommendations of foreign diplomats and ambassadors, are developing in parallel with the penal systems that are undergoing transformation in Europe. With the 1851 Kanun-? Cedid (New Law) and the 1858 Penal Code, the Ottoman bureaucracy desires a radical break from the medieval penal system and a transition from the bodybased punishment system based on retaliation-diet to time-space imprisonment. In this case, Ottoman statesmen did not hesitate to get support from British statesmen, and names such as Statford Canning, Gordon and Henry Bulver submitted their reports on prison reforms. Naturally, the status of existing prisons was widely covered in the reports, and recommendations were given on issues such as lack of hygiene, capacity and security gaps. In this context, it can be said that the developing prison architecture is widely reflected in archive documents. Over a hundred prison sketches and drawings that have survived to date shed light on the architecture and architects of the prison, especially in the period of Abdulhamid II and after. Three original projects prepared in three different time periods for the prison building, which is planned to be built in Ankara, and which do not have any connection with each other in terms of architectural features, are discussed within the scope of this study, the construction processes and architectural character are examined.
The Journal of International Social Research received 8982 citations as per Google Scholar report
