Author(s): AyÅe ÅÄ°MÅEKï· Sadık KARTAL
Education is of capital importance for societies and individuals, yet, it is difficult to define and delineate the education because it includes every life-long-acquired behavior and is a process with formal and informal aspects. Process of deliberately demanding behavior change in individuals' behavior through their own experiences is a well-accepted definition of education in Turkey. It is possible to come across different definitions such as a process in which acquisition of cultural values individuals born into, attitudes, skills, aesthetic sensitivity and positive behaviors is aimed; or the sum of all social processes that prepare people for cultural life. The effect of philosophical movements is undeniable when defining educational concepts in the literature. In other words, philosophical movements are defined as one of the important factors in shaping education. This study aimed to determine the philosophical movements (idealism, realism, naturalism, pragmatism) reflected by the education system in Turkey. The research is considered under the qualitative research as it describes the current situation. Effect of philosophical movements to the items related to primary education under the Constitution of 1982, which is the basis for the construction of the education system in Turkey; and general purpose and fundamental principles defined by the Turkish National Education Basic Laws was examined by a document analysis. Obtained data were analyzed through content analysis technique. It was observed that mostly pragmatism is reflected in the legal texts
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