Author(s): Zafer DURDU
The concept of political culture shows the people's beliefs, attitudes, behaviours and orientations in a political system. Regardless of the government model or form of government a society is governed, if such society believes and trusts the system, it is legitimate and legal. The pioneering work on political culture is G.Almond and S. Verba's (The Civic Culture) in which they carried out a comparative study in five different nations. Three types of political culture are identified in this study: The Parochial Political Culture, The Subject Political Culture and The Participant Political Culture. Among these three types of political culture, the most ideal one for modern societies is the Participant Political Culture. This political culture is seen in democratic systems and indicates that the citizen is an active subject. There is a close relationship between the type of participant political culture and the modern state. The modern state is the nation-state. In the nation-state model horizontal political relations should be established between the state and society because the source of legitimacy comes from the people. Horizontal political relations become possible in societies where a democratic political culture is settled. Even in modern times, however, this type of political culture faces obstacle in finding a social ground. For this reason, radical democracy theories have been developed aiming to democratize the democracy.
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