Author(s): Yüksel KAŞTAN
The First World War, which started in August 1914 between the Entente States and the Alliance States, Bulgaria from the Alliance on 28 September, the Ottoman Empire on 30 October, the Austro-Hungarian Empire on November 3, and finally Germany. It ended with the ceasefire treaties signed by the Empire on 11 November. On 18 January 1919, negotiations were held with the participation of the victorious and defeated states representatives in Paris for the peace treaty to be held after each ceasefire. Thirty-two states participated in the peace talks. At the conference, the Entente Powers decided to comply with the secret treaties that they had signed before and during the war. While Britain and France were trying to prevent the US from being active in these negotiations, in order not to contradict with the USA, they introduced the manda system instead of war reparation and colonialism instead of war compensation in the Wilson Principles. The US has reduced its relations with European states after the conference due to the attitudes there. In the conference, while the drafts of the understandings of peace with Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria were drafted, the state of the Ottoman Empire was left more forward because Russia withdrew from the war in 1917. The Armenian representatives who participated in the conference expressed the idea of establishing an independent Armenian State in Eastern Anatolia for the first time. The proposal of Britain and France to expel soldiers to Izmir and its surroundings was accepted. Thereupon, on May 15, 1919, the Greek forces occupied Izmir. On August 10, 1920, the Treaty of Sèvres was signed between the Ottoman Empire and the Entente States after the attacks of the Greek army in Western Anatolia and the great land losses in a short time. This agreement has never gained political and legal validity. As a result of the re-attack of the Greek army on January 6, 1921; ?nönü, Kütahya and Eski?ehir defense wars were carried out. The ongoing attack of the Greek army was stopped with the Sakarya Square. Then the Turkish army will attack and the Greek army will defend. This study was carried out by using document analysis technique in qualitative research design. The findings were subjected to content analysis and the results were evaluated in general. German sources were used in the study. The newspapers published in Germany, the reports in this process, the secondary sources that process this process were examined. The study was conducted using German resources.
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