Author(s): Abidin KARASU
The Macedonian language, which is one of the South-Slavic languages, is one of the important languages which are being inspected and researched from the aspect of the influence of the Turkish language over it. The Turkish, starting from the 14th century until now, apart from about 4.500 Turkish words, has left a lot of grammatical traits in the Macedonian language. Many words, suffixes, verb forms, word groups, phrases and proverbs that passed from Turkish to Macedonian are still being used in the former. The grammatical influence of the Turkish over Macedonian shows the degree and the depth of the mutual influence of the two languages. Concerning the grammatical influence, particularly the use of the Turkish verbs is very important. Some Turkish verbs which have passed from Turkish to Macedonian continued to be used with some changes. One of these changes is the use of the suffix -sa, which has passed to Macedonian through the Greek: sevdi +sa (???????) < sevdi, k?skandi+sa (??????????) < k?skand?, sardi+sa(???????) < sard?. These verbs also obtain the function of duration by adding the suffix (???)uva: ????????????( kaskandisuva)< k?skan?yor , ?????????(sardisuva) < sar?yor. We see that the structure of the Turkish compound verbs has passed and found its field of use in the Macedonian language. This has occured in two different ways. I. With calquing of the auxiliary verb: kabul etmek > ????? ????? (kabul stori); the auxiliary verb “et” was calqued and used in the Macedonian with the meaning “stori (etmek)”; seyir bakmak > ???? ????? (seyir gleda); the auxiliary verb “bak-” was calqued in the Macedonian with the meaning “gleda (bak)”. II. With transferring of the meaning of the auxiliary verb with an affix in the Macedonian: in the calquing like this “????? (esapi) < hesap et-” { noun + aux.v. }, the noun part of the Turkish compound verb passes through certain phonetic changes and the function of the auxiliary verb is provided with the Macedonian suffix “-? (-i)” , which produces verbs out of nouns. The fact that the Turkish verbs have found a field of use in the Macedonian language is extremely important information from the aspect of the language interference. But unfortunately, in the works published in Turkey the grammatical influence has not been revealed in its fullnes. Although the number of the works which research the influence in the lexical area is quite high, the works which inspect the grammatical influence are insufficient. In the study, there will be given information about the structure of the Turkish verbs used in the Macedonian language, and examples of their use.
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